Models for studying anti-inflammatory action

  1. carrageenan-induced edema of rat paw;Мышь с больной лапой
  2. carrageenan-induced hypodermic rat bulla;
  3. LPS-induced sepsis;
  4. formalin-induced rat paw edema;
  5. adjuvant-induced arthritis;
  6. collagen-induced arthritis;
  7. wadded granuloma;
  8. inflammation of gastric mucosa in the models of chemical and mechanical irritation;
  9. acetic acid writhing;
  10. contact dermatitis.

These models can be accompanied and complemented by biochemical, hematological, histological and radiological studies.

Radiograph of intact rat hind paw

Radiograph of intact rat hind paw

Radiograph of hind paws of rats with rheumatoid arthritis caused by an injection of Freund's adjuvant (Sigma-Aldrich, USA): it is well seen soft tissue swelling, joint space narrowing of distal phalanges, subchondral sclerosis, deformations of metatarsal bones

Radiograph of hind paws of rats with rheumatoid arthritis caused by an injection of Freund’s adjuvant (Sigma-Aldrich, USA): it is well seen soft tissue swelling, joint space narrowing of distal phalanges, subchondral sclerosis, deformations of metatarsal bones

Estimated biochemical parameters of blood and other biological fluids are the follows:

  • Total protein,Капля крови
  • Albumins,
  • C-reactive protein,
  • ESR (erythrocyte sedimentation reaction),
  • Leukocytes,
  • Lymphocytes,
  • Eosinophils,
  • Basophiles,
  • Monocytes,
  • Arneth count

Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA method) allows to estimate the amount of the following pro-inflammatory mediators:

Cytokines: TNFγ, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, etc.;Вестрн блот

Prostaglandins (PGE2, PGF2α);

Leukotrienes (LTB4).

Molecular in vivo, ex vivo and in vitro tests include:

– assessment of the effect on phosphorylation of MAR-kinases such as p38, JNK1/2 and ERK1/2 in vivo and in vitro;

– assessment of the effects on transcription factors (NF-kB, STATs) activity in vivo and in vitro;

– screening of the inhibitory activity related to COX1, COX2, 5 LOX, 12 LOX и 15 LOX enzymes in vitro;

– assessment of an interaction with macrophage Toll receptors (TLR) in vitro;Работа с клетками

– assessment of an Interaction with H1 – histamine receptors ex vivo;

– assessment of the inhibition of histamine ejection by mast cells in vitro.