Models for studying the action of pharmaceuticals in pathology of the upper respiratory tract and bronchopulmonary apparatus

  • allergic inflammation and airway hyper-reactivity in guinea pigs;Мышь с насморком
  • albumin-induced bronchial asthma;
  • ovalbumin-induced allergic rhinitis;
  • LPS- or formalin-induced rhinitis;
  • acute rhinosinusitis;
  • experimental tonsillitis;
  • LPS-induced acute respiratory distress syndrome;
  • chemically induced bronchitis;
  • chemically induced pleurisy;
  • bronchoalveolitis in rats;
  • chemically induced pneumonia;
  • pulmonary embolism and chronic productive inflammation of lungs;
  • COPD induced by a cigarette smoke;
  • pulmonary edema.

The estimated parameters are the follows:

  1. roentgenograms;
  2. the weight of lungs (absolute and related to body weight) as a characteristic of pulmonary edema and calculation of pulmonary coefficient. Difference between the weight of dry and wet lung characterizes pulmonary edema;
  3. bronchopulmonary lavage fluid analysis: cellular structure assessment in lavage fluid (monocytes/macrophages, lymphocytes, eosinophils, neutrophils, basophiles, mast cells) and optionally: analysis of the presence of inflammatory mediators – cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-5, IL-13), prostaglandins (PGE2, PGF), leukotrienes, antigen-specific IgE;
  4. analysis of the presence of inflammatory mediators in blood plasma (IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-8, IL-10);
  5. assessment of surface-active properties of bronchopulmonary lavage fluid;
  6. quantitative assessment of plasma extravasation;
  7. histological examination of bronchus and lung mucous membrane.

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Experimental plant for modeling of lung pathology using tobacco smoke (“machine for cigarette smoking”)

 The amount of goblet cells in the bronchial mucosa of intact rats and rats being exposed to tobacco smoke

Animals group Goblet cell count per 1 mm of mucosa
intact 32.0±2.2
control 65.0±1.9

Бронх здоровый      Бронх с некрозом

 

Bronchus rats. Mucosa with a slight amount of goblet cells (↑), in the submucosal layer of weakly expressed mononuclear infiltration (↑). H & E stain with alcian blue dookraskoy. The increase of 200. Bronchus rats. Acute catarrhal-purulent bronchitis. Hyperplasia of the mucous and goblet cells (↑), moderately severe and severe and mononuclear leukocyte infiltration of the mucosa and submucosa (↑). H & E stain with alcian blue dookraskoy. The increase of 200.