Models for studying hypoglycemic and anti-diabetic pharmaceuticals

The study of hypoglycemic and anti-diabetic properties of drugs can be performed in the following models:

  • the model of alloksan diabetes;Мышь с сахаром
  • the models of streptozotocin diabetes:
  • perinatal diabetes,
  • neonatal diabetes,
  • streptozototsin diabetes accompanied by nikotinamide administration.
  • the model of diabetes complicated by atherosclerosis;
  • the model of prolonged diabetes complicated by macro – and (or) microangiopathy,
  • the model of diabetes complicated by retinopathy;
  • the model of cataract in rabbits;
  • the model of metabolic syndrome in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR).

Biochemical tests:

– Glucose,

– Glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c),

– Total lipids,

– Total cholesterol,

– ?-cholesterol,

– Triglycerides,

– Lipid peroxidation level,

– Nitric oxide,

– Insulin and proinsulin,

– Glucagon,

– Cepeptide,

– Adiponectin,

– Leptin,

– Activated partial thromboplastin time,

– Fibrinogen.

 

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Hematologic tests:

– hemacyte,

– hematocrit,

– reticulocytes.

Histological and immunohistochemical studies:

  1. histological examination of pancreas (morphgologic assessment of the state of elastic and muscle-elastic type blood vessels and vessels of microvasculature in tissues: heart, lung, pancreas, mesenteric tissue, brain and eyes);
  2. immunohistological assessment of the following parameters:
  • the level of endothelial NO-synthase expression,
  • the quantity of angiogenesis marker CD31 (PECAM-1),
  • the quantity of proliferation marker Ki67,
  • the quantity of proapoptotic marker p53,
  • the quantity of antiapoptotic protein Mcl-1,
  • the quantity of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1).
  1. molecular tests: evaluation of activity of transcription factors (PPAR?, PPAR?).