Study of drugs and chemicals affecting central nervous system and physical efficiency

 

This group of studies contains an assessment of the following effects:Спящая мышь

  • Actoprotective,
  • Adaptogenic,
  • Anxiolytic,
  • Sedative;
  • Influence on cognitive functions of the central nervous system (CNS).

The study of antidepressant and anxiolytic pharmacological agents (PA) is performed using the following methods:

  • the method of four plates;
  • the test of a forced swimming (Porsolt Test);
  • the methods of a conditional protective instillation;
  • the method of an elevated plus maze;
  • a behavior assessment technique in a dark/light camera;Мышь спортсмен
  • an assessment of mouse behavior in an open field using active (C57Bl/6 line) and passive (Balb/C line) types of emotional and stress reaction;
  • the methods of an external braking of conditioned reflexes of active avoidance (techniques of zoosocial interaction);
  • the methods of an insulating syndrome;
  • the methods of an aggressive behavior;
  • the methods of the creation of stress situation resulted in the absence of an avoidance of electrical pain stimulation;
  • Jouvet stress model;
  • the method of a reversible functional CNS disorder (failure of an avoidance reflex);
  • the method of a spatial alteration;
  • a conditional emotional reaction;
  • a tail suspension test in rodents;
  • a rezerpine depr

The study of nootropic PA which influence the cognitive functions of CNS such as memory and learning is performed using the following methods:

    • a Morris maze;
    • the test of a conditioned reflex of active avoidance;
    • the test of a conditioned reflex of passive avoidance;
    • a Y-shaped maze with delayed and non-delayed spatial choice tasks;
    • an eight-beam maze;
    • a water maze;
    • the tests of memorization on the background of scopolamine-induced amnesia.
  • Assessment of neuroprotective action of PA on the model of experimental allergic encephalomyelitis in rats;
  • Acute pain syndrome. Assessment of analgesic effect of PA is performed in the following models:
    • The nociceptive pain models:
      • a hot plate;
      • a cold plate;
      • a tail-flick;
      • a plantar test of Hargrivs;
      • the test for mechanical sensitivity of Randall-Celitto (Randall-Celitto mechanical test);
      • vocalization test of tail-pinch;
      • the test of mechanical sensitivity using von Frey anesthesiometer;
      • tactile sensitivity test using calibrated Frey’s monofilaments,
      • capsaicin model;
      • visceral pain model (the test of chemical irritation of peritoneum in mice or writhing test);
      • spastic pain model (induction of muscle spasticity by m-cholinomimetic agents and(or) chemically induced seizures).
  • Chronic pain syndrome. Assessment of analgesic effect of PA is performed in the following models:
      • Neuropathic pain models:
        • the model of chronic compression of sciatic nerve – CCI, Bennet’s test;
        • the model of transection of sciatic nerve;
        • steptozototsin-induced diabetic neuropathy;
        • formalin model (vibrissa and (or) plantar version);
        • the model of pain syndrome at an experimental bone cancer tumor;
        • the model of pain syndrome in alcoholic neuropathy.
      • Inflammatory pain models:
          • carrageenan model;
          • prostaglandin model;
          • CFA model (complete Freund’s adjunct);
          • adjuvant-induced model of mono and polyarthritic pain;
          • post-operative pain model (Brennan, Flank model).
  • Assessment of PA action in neurodegenerative diseases is performed in the following cases:
    • degenerative brain diseases (Parkinson’s disease);
    • the model of an experimental dementia (Alzheimer’s disease);
    • degenerative diseases of nerves (neuropathy);
    • demiyelinezation (multiple sclerosis, autoimmune encephalomyelitis).
  • Other models of CNS pathology:
    • The model of ischemic stroke;
    • the model of hemorrhagic stroke;
    • the model of inflammation of nervous
  • Assessment of anti-addictive (anti-narcogene) PA properties is performed using the following methods:
    • the methods of enteral self-consumption;
    • the method of a conditioned place preference;
    • the test of behavioral sensitization;
    • an assessment of a deprivational effect (for alcohol, saccharin and other PA);
    • the test of a drug-conditioned physical activity.
  • Assessment of PA action on impulsivity (the model of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)) is performed in the following tests:
    • the test of physical activity in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR);
    • the test of a development of tolerance to a delayed reaction of food reinforcement;
    • the test of a development of polidipsiya (SIP).
  • The study of non-specific side effects of PA is conducted using the following methods:
    • the test of physical activity;
    • the test on a rotarod and (or) an inclined plane;
    • the test of a decrease in operant execution (simple operant tasks).

 

Russian and foreign guidelines that were used as a basis of the methods listed:

      1. Manual for experimental (preclinical) study of new pharmaceutical agents, M., JSC “publishing house “Medicine”, 2005;
      2. Manual for conducting preclinical studies of drugs. Under the editorship of Mironov A.N., Bunatyan N.D. et al., M.: publishing house “Grif and K”, 2012;
      3. Current Protocols in Pharmacology (2005) Animal Models of Disease // Contributed by Petter Hedlund, Kenshi Matsumoto, and Karl-Erik Ande